In November 1998, Germany and the Netherlands experienced severe flooding due to prolonged rainfall and storms. In Germany, the overflowing Elbe and Rhine rivers inundated cities like Cologne, Düsseldorf, and Duisburg, disrupting transportation and causing significant economic damage. The accompanying multi-temporal image, merging satellite data from August and November 1998, highlights the flooded areas along the Rhine River from Cologne to Nijmegen, shown in blue.

• Image 1: Satellite: ERS-2, Instrument: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Area covered: 100 x 100 km, Acquisition Dates: (Red) 03 November 1998, (Green) 03 November 1998, (Blue) 25 August 1998, Orbits: 17497, 18499, Frames: 2570, Acquired by: Fucino (Italy)