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INSTRUMENTS
Explore the many instruments the European Space Agency use to observe the Earth. ESA offer data from a wide range of optical, radar, atmospheric, altimetric and gravimetric instrumentation.
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Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
ATSR
The Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) on board ERS-1 and ERS-2 mission consisted of two instruments, an Infra-Red Radiometer and a Microwave Sounder.
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Instrument - Imaging Radars, Scatterometers
Instrument - Imaging Radars, Scatterometers
SAR (ERS)
The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument aboard ERS-1 and ERS-2 was capable of high precision change detection of surface heights.
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Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
MWR (ERS)
The microwave radiometer (MWR) instrument on board the ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions provided measurements of the integrated atmospheric water vapour column and cloud liquid water content.
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Instrument - Scatterometers
Instrument - Scatterometers
WS
The Wind Scatterometer (WS) instrument, on board the ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions, obtained information on wind speed and direction over the sea surface.
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Instrument - Altimeters
Instrument - Altimeters
RA (ERS)
The Radar Altimeter (RA) was a Ku-band (13.8 GHz) nadir-pointing active microwave sensor, on board ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions, designed to measure echoes from ocean and ice surfaces.
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Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
STR (Swarm)
The Swarm Star Trackers retrieve information on the precise satellite orientation and attitude.
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Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
ACC (Swarm)
The Accelerometer measures the Swarm satellite’s non-gravitational acceleration in its respective orbit.
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Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
GPSR and LRR (Swarm)
Each Swarm satellite is equipped with a Laser Retroreflector for external calibration and validation of the on-board GPS receiver.
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Instrument - Scatterometers
Instrument - Scatterometers
WS (ERS-2)
The ERS-2 Wind Scatterometer obtained information on wind speed and direction at the sea surface.
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Instrument - Scatterometers
Instrument - Scatterometers
WS (ERS-1)
The ERS-1 Wind Scatterometer was designed to measure wind over the oceans.
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Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
MWR (ERS-2)
Used for measurement of the integrated atmospheric water vapour column & cloud liquid water content
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Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
MWR (ERS-1)
MWR provided measurements of the integrated atmospheric water vapour column and cloud liquid water content.
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Instrument - Altimeters
Instrument - Altimeters
RA (ERS-2)
The RA on ERS-2 was a Ku-band nadir-pointing active microwave sensor designed to measure echoes from ocean and ice surfaces.
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Instrument - Altimeters
Instrument - Altimeters
RA (ERS-1)
The RA on ERS-1 was a Ku-band nadir-pointing active microwave sensor designed to measure echoes from ocean and ice surfaces.
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Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
ATSR-2
Used for measuring sea-surface temperatures, cloud-top temperatures and vegetation monitoring.
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Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers
ATSR-1
ATSR-1 instrument was used for measuring sea-surface temperatures and cloud-top temperatures and vegetation monitoring.
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Instrument - Imaging Radars, Scatterometers
Instrument - Imaging Radars, Scatterometers
SAR (ERS-2)
The SAR instrument aboard ERS-2 was capable of high precision change detection of surface heights.
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Instrument - Imaging Radars
Instrument - Imaging Radars
SAR (ERS-1)
The ERS-1 satellite, launched on 17 July 1991, carried a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR).
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Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
VFM
The Vector Field Magnetometer is the primary instrument carried aboard the Swarm satellites.
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Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments
ASM
The Absolute Scalar Magnetometer on the Swarm satellites measures the strength of the magnetic field.