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INSTRUMENTS

Explore the many instruments the European Space Agency use to observe the Earth. ESA offer data from a wide range of optical, radar, atmospheric, altimetric and gravimetric instrumentation.

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  • Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    EFI

    Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    EFI

    The Electric Field Instrument aboard the Swarm satellites is the first 3D ionospheric imager in space.

  • Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    ASM

    Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    ASM

    The Absolute Scalar Magnetometer on the Swarm satellites measures the strength of the magnetic field.

  • Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    VFM

    Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    VFM

    The Vector Field Magnetometer is the primary instrument carried aboard the Swarm satellites.

  • Instrument - Imaging Radars, Scatterometers

    SAR (ERS-2)

    Instrument - Imaging Radars, Scatterometers

    SAR (ERS-2)

    The SAR instrument aboard ERS-2 was capable of high precision change detection of surface heights.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    ATSR-1

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    ATSR-1

    ATSR-1 instrument was used for measuring sea-surface temperatures and cloud-top temperatures and vegetation monitoring.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    ATSR-2

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    ATSR-2

    Used for measuring sea-surface temperatures, cloud-top temperatures and vegetation monitoring.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    GOME

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    GOME

    The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) was a nadir-scanning ultraviolet and visible spectrometer for global monitoring of atmospheric Ozone.

  • Instrument - Altimeters

    RA (ERS-2)

    Instrument - Altimeters

    RA (ERS-2)

    The RA on ERS-2 was a Ku-band nadir-pointing active microwave sensor designed to measure echoes from ocean and ice surfaces.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MWR (ERS-2)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MWR (ERS-2)

    Used for measurement of the integrated atmospheric water vapour column & cloud liquid water content

  • Instrument - Scatterometers

    WS (ERS-2)

    Instrument - Scatterometers

    WS (ERS-2)

    The ERS-2 Wind Scatterometer obtained information on wind speed and direction at the sea surface.

  • Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    LRR (ERS-2)

    Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    LRR (ERS-2)

    An optical device for accurate satellite tracking from the ground to support instrument data evaluation

  • Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    PRARE (ERS-2)

    Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    PRARE (ERS-2)

    Precise Range And Range-Rate Equipment (PRARE) was a microwave tracking system for the measurement of satellite to ground range and range rate.

  • Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    GPSR and LRR (Swarm)

    Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    GPSR and LRR (Swarm)

    Each Swarm satellite is equipped with a Laser Retroreflector for external calibration and validation of the on-board GPS receiver.

  • Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    ACC (Swarm)

    Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    ACC (Swarm)

    The Accelerometer measures the Swarm satellite’s non-gravitational acceleration in its respective orbit.

  • Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    STR (Swarm)

    Instrument - Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments

    STR (Swarm)

    The Swarm Star Trackers retrieve information on the precise satellite orientation and attitude.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS)

    The Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS) instrument was carried aboard the Landsat 1 to 5 satellites.

  • Instrument - Radar Spectrometers

    Return-Beam Vidicon (RBV)

    Instrument - Radar Spectrometers

    Return-Beam Vidicon (RBV)

    The Return-Beam Vidicon (RBV) instrument was flown on board the Landsat 1 to 3 satellites.

  • Instrument - Altimeters

    RA (ERS)

    Instrument - Altimeters

    RA (ERS)

    The Radar Altimeter (RA) was a Ku-band (13.8 GHz) nadir-pointing active microwave sensor, on board ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions, designed to measure echoes from ocean and ice surfaces.

  • Instrument - Scatterometers

    WS

    Instrument - Scatterometers

    WS

    The Wind Scatterometer (WS) instrument, on board the ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions, obtained information on wind speed and direction over the sea surface.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MWR (ERS)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MWR (ERS)

    The microwave radiometer (MWR) instrument on board the ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions provided measurements of the integrated atmospheric water vapour column and cloud liquid water content.