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INSTRUMENTS

Explore the many instruments the European Space Agency use to observe the Earth. ESA offer data from a wide range of optical, radar, atmospheric, altimetric and gravimetric instrumentation.

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  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Thematic Mapper (TM)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Thematic Mapper (TM)

    The Thematic Mapper (TM) was a multispectral scanning radiometer on board Landsat-4 and Landsat-5.

  • Instrument - Radar Spectrometers

    Return-Beam Vidicon (RBV)

    Instrument - Radar Spectrometers

    Return-Beam Vidicon (RBV)

    The Return-Beam Vidicon (RBV) instrument was flown onboard the Landsat-1 to 3 satellites.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS)

    The Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS) instrument was carried aboard the Landsat-1 to 5 satellites.

  • Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    LRR (Envisat)

    Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    LRR (Envisat)

    The LRR instrument aboard Envisat was used to accurately determine the orbital height of the satellite.

  • Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    DORIS

    Instrument - Positioning/Navigation

    DORIS

    DORIS was used to determine the precise location of Envisat in orbit.

  • Instrument - Thermal/Radiation Detectors

    Thermal Infra-Red Scanner (TIRS)

    Instrument - Thermal/Radiation Detectors

    Thermal Infra-Red Scanner (TIRS)

    TIRS on Landsat-8 is a thermal imager that supplements observations from the OLI instrument.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    SCIAMACHY

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    SCIAMACHY

    SCIAMACHY was an instrument on board the Envisat satellite that measured atmospheric chemistry.

  • Instrument - Altimeters

    RA-2

    Instrument - Altimeters

    RA-2

    The RA-2 instrument aboard Envisat acquired radar altimetry data over ocean, land and ice surfaces.

  • Instrument - Photon/Optical Detectors

    Operational Land Imager (OLI)

    Instrument - Photon/Optical Detectors

    Operational Land Imager (OLI)

    The OLI, on board Landsat-8, measures in the visible, near infrared, and short wave infrared.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)

    The Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) is the main instrument onboard Landsat-7.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MWR (Envisat)

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MWR (Envisat)

    The MWR instrument, on board Envisat mission, measured integrated atmospheric water vapour column and cloud liquid water.

  • Instrument - Interferometers, Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MIPAS

    Instrument - Interferometers, Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MIPAS

    MIPAS was an atmospheric instrument carried aboard the Envisat satellite.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MERIS

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    MERIS

    The MERIS instrument aboard Envisat was primarily dedicated to providing ocean colour measurements.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    GOMOS

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    GOMOS

    GOMOS is a medium resolution spectrometer covering the wavelength range from 250 nm to 950 nm.

  • Instrument - Imaging Radars

    ASAR

    Instrument - Imaging Radars

    ASAR

    ASAR ensures continuity with the image mode (SAR) and the wave mode of the ERS-1/2 AMI.

  • Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    AATSR

    Instrument - Spectrometers/Radiometers

    AATSR

    The AATSR instrument aboard Envisat was primarily designed to measure Sea Surface Temperature.